Operating Systems Explained
Understand how operating systems manage resources, run applications, and provide the foundation for everything you do on a computer.
12 lessons
Why Do Operating Systems Exist?
Operating systems manage hardware complexity so applications don't have to.
What Is a Kernel?
The kernel is the core of an operating system, managing memory, processes, and hardware communication.
Windows, macOS, and Unix-like Systems
Different operating systems share core responsibilities but differ in design philosophy and conventions.
File Systems and Folder Structures
File systems organize data into hierarchical structures of folders and files with specific paths.
Users and Permissions
Operating systems use accounts and permissions to control who can access files, devices, and system functions.
Why Linux Has Many Distributions
Linux is a kernel, not a complete OS. Distributions bundle it with different tools and philosophies, creating Ubuntu, Fedora, Debian, and hundreds more.
Administrator Access
Administrator or root privileges grant full system control — powerful but dangerous, and carefully protected by operating systems.
What Are Virtual Machines?
Virtual machines simulate complete computers inside your computer, letting you run different operating systems simultaneously.
What Are Containers?
Containers are lightweight, isolated environments that package applications with their dependencies for consistent execution anywhere.
What Happens During Startup?
When you power on your computer, a carefully orchestrated sequence loads hardware, the operating system, and finally your desktop.
Device Drivers
Device drivers are software that lets your operating system communicate with hardware like printers, graphics cards, and keyboards.
Processes and Threads
A process is a running program instance, while threads are smaller execution paths within it that enable parallel work.
Join the conversation
Share your wins, ask questions, and help other builders in the Codistry Academy community.