How the Web Works
Discover the protocols and processes behind every website visit, from typing a URL to seeing a page.
11 lessons
The Web as Request and Response
Every web interaction follows a simple pattern: your browser asks for something, and a server sends it back.
What Is a URL?
A URL is a structured address that tells your browser exactly where to find a specific resource on the web.
How Browsers Send Requests
When you click a link or enter a URL, your browser automatically constructs and sends an HTTP request to the server.
How Servers Send Responses
After receiving a request, servers process it and send back a response containing the content you asked for.
What Is HTTP?
HTTP is the protocol that defines how browsers and servers communicate, establishing the rules for requesting and delivering web content.
What Are GET and POST?
GET and POST are HTTP methods that tell servers whether you want to retrieve information or submit data.
Understanding Status Codes
HTTP status codes are three-digit numbers that tell you whether a request succeeded, failed, or needs further action.
What Is HTTPS?
HTTPS adds encryption to HTTP, protecting your data from being intercepted as it travels between your browser and the server.
What Are Cookies?
Cookies are small pieces of data that websites store in your browser to remember information between visits.
What Are Sessions?
Sessions let websites remember who you are across multiple page visits, creating continuity in a stateless protocol.
How Authentication Works
Authentication confirms you are who you claim to be, enabling secure access to protected resources on the web.
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